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Reasoning / Efficiency & Inference By Yufan Wu 2026-08-27
CritICL: Inference-Time Weak-to-Strong Generalization from Small Language Model Failure Modes

CritICL improves large language model performance by providing targeted, failure-aware critique examples in the prompt to steer reasoning away from common pitfalls.

Reasoning / Reinforcement Learning By Aozhe Wang 2026-08-27
TTPO: Test-Time Policy Optimization

TTPO improves the reasoning accuracy of language models during test time by using label-free policy optimization that bypasses the need for manual ground-truth data.

Reasoning / Multimodal By Junxiang Xu 2026-08-26
VBVR-Pro: A Scalable and Verifiable Suite for Native Visual Reasoning

The authors introduce VBVR-Pro, a suite designed to improve visual reasoning capabilities in models by using verifiable generative tasks.

Reasoning / Benchmarks & Evals By Md Saikat Islam Khan Bappy 2026-08-25
FedV-KGQA: Multi-Hop Question Answering over Vertically Partitioned Knowledge Graphs

FedV-KGQA enables multi-hop reasoning over knowledge graphs distributed across different organizations by fusing local entity embeddings without sharing private raw data.

Reasoning / Benchmarks & Evals By Emanuel Kitzelmann 2026-08-25
Constrained Entity Selection under Partial Knowledge for LLM-Based Knowledge Graph QA

The paper introduces a constraint-based verification method that filters LLM responses against knowledge graph logic to significantly improve answer precision without sacrificing recall.

Reasoning / Benchmarks & Evals By Md Mahadi Hasan Nahid 2026-08-25
PARTAB: Partition-Aware Reasoning with Structured Evidence for Scalable Table Understanding

PARTAB improves table-based reasoning by decomposing tables into semantically coherent parts before processing them with a multi-stage pipeline.

Training & Fine-Tuning / Reasoning By Wenze Lin 2026-08-25
On-policy Distillation with Verifiable Reward

The paper introduces a method called OPDVR that aligns reinforcement learning signal with task success during model distillation to improve reasoning performance.

Efficiency & Inference / Reasoning By Sophia Xiao Pu 2026-08-25
Selective Regenerative Decoding: Trajectory-Level Intervention for Inference-Time Reasoning

Selective Regenerative Decoding optimizes LLM inference by identifying and regenerating only the degraded portions of a reasoning sequence rather than discarding the entire trajectory.

Reasoning / Safety & Alignment By Yipeng Zhao 2026-08-24
Mitigating Reasoning-Induced Misalignment via Safety-Direction Penalty

The researchers introduce a penalty method to prevent language models from sacrificing safety protocols when they are fine-tuned for improved reasoning tasks.

Reasoning / Benchmarks & Evals By Miguel Contreras 2026-08-23
Teaching LLMs How ICU Physicians Approach Clinical Reasoning Through OMOP-Aligned Retrieval Improves Reasoning Across Clinical Domains

The authors created the ICU-REACT dataset and a corresponding family of fine-tuned models to improve LLM performance in identifying and reasoning over patient data for critical care.

Reasoning / Benchmarks & Evals By Jinghan Tan 2026-08-24
StrategyBench: Evaluating Explicit Strategy Induction in Large Language Models

The paper introduces StrategyBench to evaluate if language models can effectively derive and apply explicit task-level strategies from few-shot examples.

Reasoning / Benchmarks & Evals By Bohan Yu 2026-08-24
Beyond Factual Knowledge: Benchmarking and Learning Step-Level Procedural Rule Reasoning in Large Language Models

The paper introduces a framework called DynaRule that enables large language models to dynamically retrieve and apply reusable procedural rules at scale.

Efficiency & Inference / Reasoning By Simeng Zhang 2026-08-21
Memory Augmentation Unlocks Efficient Chain-of-Thought Reasoning

The paper introduces a method that improves the efficiency and accuracy of chain of thought reasoning by injecting relevant, pre-computed reasoning patterns into the model prompt.

Benchmarks & Evals / Reasoning By Xin Sun 2026-08-21
When Trust Meets Truth: Trust-Truth Separability in LLM-as-Judge

This study demonstrates that LLM judges struggle to separate content accuracy from source reliability, showing higher trust and accuracy scores when content is attributed to humans compared to AI.

Reasoning / Benchmarks & Evals By Xuanyu Meng 2026-08-21
EnSI-RAG: Entity-Structure-Indexed Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Long-Document Question Answering

EnSI-RAG improves long-document question answering by indexing documents based on structured entity relationships rather than simple text chunks.

Agents / Reasoning By Jason Hickey 2026-08-21
AI with Authority, from Application to Silicon

A single researcher successfully used AI agents to develop a complete system from application code to silicon tapeout in five weeks.

Reasoning / Benchmarks & Evals By Bogdan Zagribelnyy 2026-08-19 32
Training Chemical Plausibility-Aware Large Language Models for Single-Step Retrosynthesis

The researchers developed an LLM that uses Reinforcement Learning Fine-Tuning and specialized rewards to improve performance in single-step retrosynthesis tasks.

Reasoning / Safety & Alignment By Yiting Qu 2026-08-20
EchoCoT: Extracting Hidden Chain-of-Thought from Large Reasoning Models

Researchers developed a method to extract near-verbatim chain-of-thought reasoning traces from black-box reasoning models using adversarial API injection techniques.

Reasoning / Benchmarks & Evals By Mattia Carletti 2026-08-20
When Text and Numbers Disagree: Evidence Arbitration in Large Language Models

Researchers evaluated how large language models weigh conflicting evidence, finding they often over-rely on numerical data and external tool forecasts.

Reasoning / Efficiency & Inference By Wei Yu 2026-08-19
Training-Free Inference-Time Self-Reflection and Cost-Bounded Early Stopping for Large Language Models

The paper introduces a training-free inference-time protocol that uses a self-critique loop and a confirmed sentinel to improve reasoning accuracy while early-stopping redundant computations.